The latter emerged as the weakly structured organization agglutinating the radical stances of the pro-independence movement after the eruption of the Catalan secessionist crisis in the 2010s.

The former is currently reshaping its model of “Popular Unity”, adopted in the 1970s, after the end of ETA armed struggle in the year 2011. Stemming from Laclau’s suggestion, we adopt a trans-disciplinary approach, using the categories of political sociology, history and political science in order to examine two most representative cases of left-wing stateless nationalist movements in Europe: the Basque Abertzale (patriotic) Left and the Catalan Candidatura de Unitat Popular (CUP). They combine a non-essentialist idea of the “People-Nation” with a radical critic of neoliberalism as well as of the European integration process. Among them, radical leftist stateless nationalist movements and organizations in Europe constitute a relevant object of analysis. Such approach is useful to grasp the complexity of movements and parties grounding their discourses and practices in the imperative of recovering and invigorating “popular sovereignty” weakened by globalisation. In the midst of the wide spread jeremiads on populism, one truly interesting approach is Ernesto Laclau’s view of the “People” as a result of an ongoing process of social and political construction.

Disguises by jean fong kwok pdf